The ratio of total liabilities to stockholders’ equity. The higher the proportion of debt to equity, the more risky the company appears to be. An indicator of the amount of financial leverage at a company. It...
The ratio of total liabilities to stockholders’ equity. The higher the proportion of debt to equity, the more risky the company appears to be. An indicator of the amount of financial leverage at a company. It...
Also referred to as factory burden, factory overhead, indirect manufacturing costs, and manufacturing support costs. To learn more, see Explanation of Manufacturing Overhead.
The combined federal and state income tax rate that applies to an additional amount of taxable income.
Financial statements based upon various assumptions.
See inventory: work-in-process (WIP).
A company’s balance sheet that shows each item’s amount after it has been divided by the amount of total assets. In other words, current assets will be shown as a percentage of total assets. This will allow...
See direct materials usage variance.
This current liability account reports the amount a company owes (is required to remit) for its employees’ 401(k) program as of the date of the balance sheet.
Also referred to as a subsequent event. An event occurring after the date of the balance sheet, but prior to the date that the balance sheet is actually released. For example, a balance sheet dated December 31 might be...
Federal government securities with a fixed interest rate and maturing in 10 years or less.
A journal entry that adjusts an amount already recorded on the books of a company because part of the amount pertains to a future accounting period. To learn more, see Explanation of Adjusting Entries.
A corporation’s net income after income taxes minus the dividends pertinent to the preferred shares of stock (if any).
An employee fringe benefit provided by an employer that allows employees to be absent from work with pay. Often the number of paid vacation days allowed is based on the number of years of employment.
The stated interest rate appearing on the face of the bond. Also referred to as the nominal rate or the stated interest rate.
A directive to a company’s bank to not honor (pay) a specific check that the company had written. The company making the request will be charged a fee by the bank for this service.
The second major section of the statement of cash flows. To learn more, see Explanation of Cash Flow Statement.
An accounting guideline that requires information pertinent to an investing or lending decision to be included in the notes to financial statements or in other financial reports.
A listing of all of the accounts in the general ledger with account balances after the closing entries have been posted. This means that the listing would consist of only the balance sheet accounts with balances. The...
The statement of the Financial Accounting Standards Board entitled Financial Statements of Not-for-Profit Organizations. This statement was originally issued in June 1993 and can be read at no cost at www.FASB.org.
The first section of the statement of cash flows. To learn more, see Explanation of Cash Flow Statement.
This is a contra long-term asset account which is credited for the depreciation associated with Buildings. Since it is a balance sheet account, the accumulated depreciation account balance does not close at the end of...
This contra owner’s equity account has a debit balance that represents the current year draws made by the owner, Mary Smith. After the year’s financial statements have been prepared, the balance in this...
U.S. social security system.
The one-year period ending at an organization’s typical low point of activity. For example, a school’s natural business year is July 1 through June 30. It is practical to have the accounting and financial...
A journal entry with more than the minimum of one debit and one credit. Example: a debit to Cash of $500 and a credit to Sales of $475 and a credit to Sales Tax Payable of $25.
See CPA Exam.
A business organization different from a sole proprietorship, partnership, and corporation. As the name implies it provides the limited liability protection usually associated with a corporation. To learn more about this...
This current liability account reports the amount a company owes the state and federal governments as of the balance sheet date for the employer’s unemployment tax based on the governments’ rates and the...
A publication by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to assist employers with federal payroll taxes. The complete title of the publication is Publication 15 (Circular E), Employer’s Tax Guide. It is available...
See job order cost sheet.
See direct materials price variance.
The journal entry recorded in the general journal (as opposed to the sales journal, cash journal, etc.).
See bond issue costs.
See direct labor rate variance.
This is the expression for replacement cost, which is not an acceptable cost flow, since it violates the cost principle. However, an economist and decision makers would argue that the cost to replace the item is the...
The statement of the Financial Accounting Standards Board with the title Accounting for Contributions Received and Contributions Made. This statement was originally issued in June 1993 and applies to both nonprofit...
An internal accounting report that is prepared prior to recording the adjusting entries. Its purpose is to verify that the total amount of debit balances in the general ledger accounts is equal to the total amount of...
A retirement plan that does not specify the amount that a retiree will receive. Rather, the employer’s obligation is to contribute a specific amount into a fund to be used for payments to retirees.
Same as the Days Sales in Accounts Receivable
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